Conveying mechanism.



H, MARCUS. CONVEYING MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILE D AUG-24, I911- Patented Nov. 16, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

HERMANN MARCUS, OF COLOGNE, GERMANY.

CONVEYING MECHANISM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 16, 191 .5.

Application filed. August 24, 1911. Serial No. 645,772.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMANN MARoUs, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at Gereonshaus, Cologne on the Rhine, Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Conveying Mechanism, of which the following is a specifipati on.

This invention relates to a novel driving arrangement for conveyers or conveying troughs, which is characterized by a surprising simplicity of construction and by a very favorable conveying action. According to this invention a piston is so reciprocated within an air-charged cylinder as to produce air cushions which transmit the movement to the conveying trough with a correspondand on the other hand that by the expansion and compression of the air cushions a C01) siderable phase displacement is eflected between these two movements, whereby, as will hereinafter be more fully explained, the conveying action is exercised in a determined direction.

Several constructional forms of the invention are shown by way of example in the accompanying drawing.

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section illustrating the invention. Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view. Fig. 2 is a; vertical longitudinal section showing a modified form of the invention. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing another modification. Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing another form. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing still another form. Fig. (iis a vertical longitudinal section showing another modification of the invention.

According to Fig. 1, a piston c is reciprocated within a cylinder (2 by means of a crank a and connecting rod 6. Guided in the same cylinder and independent of the piston 0 is a piston e which is connected to the conveying trough g by means .of its piston rod f. The air cushion which is formed between the two pistons has the effect that by the movement of the first piston a, the second piston c is likewise-actuated. During the reciprocation of the piston c a precisely synchronous and correct reciprocation of the piston e with regard to the original position of equilibrium is obtained during the working. Moreover owing to the very considerable efi'ects of the momentum of inertia which influence the piston c this piston e issubjected to a phase variation and to an increase of its stroke, with respect to the movement of the crank gear, since the piston e which is actuated solely by the air cushion cannot follow the movements rapidly enough on account of the considerable resistance of momentum and friction influencing it.

Whereas therefore the first piston a per forms between the extreme positions 0 and c a simple sinus-oscillation, the second piston e is liable to perform a greater oscillation between the extreme positions 6' and c with a corresponding phase displacement.

This displacement of phase which is considerable necessitates that during a certain phase of each oscillation both pistons c and care moved toward one another, that is to v 7 say approach one another, whereby the air cushion between them is strongly compressed. It is therefore clear that during this phase, the piston e in aproaching its extreme position 6' is subjected to by far the strongest retarding forces, that is to say, this piston e which together with the conveying trough and the material contained in the latter has already performed a considable part of its stroke e and e, and has attained a high velocity, is very quickly re tarded in the vicinity ,of the dead point 0', and thus rapidly brought to a standstill, and quickly thrown back again. This is illustrated in the diagram shown in Fig. 1*.

The speed curves of the piston 0 follow the course of a circle 0, c 0 0 since the piston 0 performs a simple sinus-oscillation.

he speed curves of the piston 6 however follow the curve 6 e, 6 e in such manner that the movement about the dead point e is very quick, whereas about the dead point 0 it is'comparatively slow. This however is the characteristic feature of the so-called propeller movement corresponding to the prior patents of the same inventor.

.With the conveying trough actuated 1n this manner,-the material in the conveying trough moves in the direction of the arrow h indicated in Fig. 1, because the trough is quickly brought to a standstill about the dead point 6', so that the material which in its movements along the path 6 c (Fig. 1)

- position 6 In connection with this mode of driving it should be observed that thepiston a moving entirely independently of the driving piston c is in every instance under the influence of two driving forces without considering forces of friction and the momentum of inertia, namely of the pressure prevailing within the two cylinder chambers 71 and la. The cylinder chamber is therefore is made larger than the chamber 71 in order to oifer a lower pressure in the right-hand extreme position of the piston 6 than the chamber 11 in the other extreme position.

It is not necessary for the piston e to move in the same cylinder as piston c, as said piston e may be arranged in a separate cylinder d which has a greater diameter than cylinder d, and which is immediately connected with the latter, see Fig. 4. In the illustrated form both cylinders consist of one piece. Cylinder d could of course have a smaller diameter than cylinder (13, if desired. According to the form illustrated in Fig. 5 a special piston 32 moving in a corresponding cylinder .0 is connected to the trough g; this piston 1) offers an elastic resistance in the conveying-direction of the chute, in such a manner as to offer an elastic resistance in the other direction which would serve for moving the trough back to the zero-position. Instead of one piston p, several of them could be arranged if need be. The air-buffers could also be replaced by springs g appropriately adjusted between the trough and the solid support, (see Fig. 6). In the forms shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the cylinder-heads have been omitted, so that only one air-cushion acts in each instance. Further, a circulation conduit Z may, if necessary, be provided for the purpose of equalizing or supplementing air losses in the compression chamber in the central position of the piston e in which the pressures would be equal at both sides. Arranged in the walls or cover of the cylinder or of the piston are moreover equalizing or to the phase variation or displacement the piston a and the cylinder cover n approach each other during each oscillation, whereby the movement of the trough is strongly retarded toward the end. The material is therefore again moved in the direction of the arrow it. In this case the piston 0 is so arranged that in the central position of the driving crank it is much closer to the rear cylinder cover than to the front cover.

According to the construction shown in Fig. 3, it is not the piston but the cylinder d which is reciprocated by the crank gear a b so that it is displaced along the piston 0 which is rigidly connected to the conveying trough g by the rod f. The displacement of the phases between the oscillation'of the cylinder and those of the piston has again for its effect that the piston c and the cylinder cover n are caused to approach one another during a determined phase of each oscillation, whereby the oscillation of the conveying trough is strongly retarded toward the end and thus brings about the conveying movement of the material.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:

1. In conveying mechanism, in combination, a conveying trough, driving means, a driven member connected to said trough and an air cushion interposed between said means and said driven member to transmit the driving movement from said means to said member. i I

2. In conveying mechanism, in combination, a conveying trough, a driving member, a driven member connected to said trough and an air cushion interposed between said driving member and said driven member,

, said air cushion transmitting the motion of the former to the latter.

3. In conveying mechanism, in combination, a conveying trough, a cylinder, a driving piston within said cylinder, a driven piston within said cylinder and connected to said trough, and an air cushion interposed between said pistonsto transmit the motion of the driving piston to the driven piston.

4. In combination with a reciprocating eonveyer, means for driving the same, means for compressing air actuated by the convever as it moves in both directions and arranged so that the compressed air acts to accelerate the motion of the conveyer in both directions.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses. 4

HERMANN MARCUS.

Witnesses OSCAR DEPNER, WILHELM SPERNAT. 

